The boy attended two local state schools, Barnes Road School and Mortimer Road School in South Shields, but his surviving letters demonstrate that his education was severely limited. Kirkpatrick, John Simpson (1892–1915), war hero, was born at South Shields, co. Durham, on 6 July 1892, the son of Robert Kirkpatrick and his wife, Sarah Simpson. traces the boyhood friendship of John Simpson Kirkpatrick and Billy Lowes from their home in South Shields, north-east England, where they walked donkeys for a penny a ride during summer holidays to the battlefields of Gallipoli. Instead, the 3rd Australian field ambulance was sent to Egypt and then, in April 1915, to Gallipoli. A definitive account of John Simpson Kirpatrick’s life and war record continues to be debated and rewritten. An accompanying letter to the Walsh Printing Company indicated that the officer-in-charge of Base Records thought the former was more likely to be true. You could not be signed in, please check and try again. In August 1914 he enlisted in the Australian Imperial Force, serving at Gallipoli the following year as Private John Simpson in the 3rd Field Ambulance, Australian Army Medical Corps. They reflect the period in which they were created and are not the views of the National Archives. He landed at Gallipoli on 25 April 1915, and until his death used a donkey to transport wounded men to the beach for medical treatment. When he was about 16 years old, he volunteered to train as a Coastal Defence Gunner in the Royal Field Artillery.1 In early 1909 he became a British Merchant Seaman and Explore his use of (AWM A03114) Simpson and his donkey became famous among the Australian soldiers at Gallipoli because of their bravery. Printed from Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. The letters were exchanged between John Simpson and his sister, Annie Kirkpatrick, between 3 January and 15 June 1915. Monash's letter says he was hit 'by a shrapnel shell'. John Simpson Kirkpatrick (1812–1915), a stretcher-bearer with the 3rd Field Ambulance, Australian Army Medical Corps at Gallipoli, is an iconic figure in Australian history. 'The man with the donkey', Simpson was perhaps the most famous Anzac of all. Can you give me the url of any of these? May 12, 2012 - Our online learning resources help students do research with primary sources. A similar statue was erected in South Shields only in 1988, financed by public subscription after the local council refused any subsidy from public funds. It forms part of Simpson's Australian Imperial Force (AIF) personnel dossier. John Simpson Kirkpatrick - History of World War I - WW1 - The Great War - History of the Airplane - Over 10,000 Airplane Videos and Growing! John Simpson Kirkpatrick is popularly known as ‘Simpson’ and is remembered by many people for being a kind and brave soldier. Private J S Kirkpatrick, served as Private John Simpson and became known as the "Man with the Donkey". The donkeys had been landed to carry water to the front line but with the attack not succeeding as planned, their Greek handlers had been quickly evacuated. Simpson used one (not always the same one) of the abandoned donkeys to bring in those wounded not needing to be carried in by stretcher. Childrens Story about the famous stretcher bearer of Gallipoli, John Simpson and his donkey called Duffy. John Simpson Kirkpatrick was born in Britain but later moved to Australia. His surviving children, one son baptized John Simpson and three daughters, were still young. Simpson was the first to use donkeys to bring in the wounded at Gallipoli and was so effective that he was allowed to operate independently of the 3rd Field Ambulance. Letters, diaries and other sources told tales of patriotism, larrikinism, bravery and mateship, such as those by Ellis Silas who declared “[I] am glad I have done my duty”13. Annual celebrations in Australia still commemorate his last heroic weeks. On 19 May 1915 he was shot by a Turkish sniper, the donkey continuing on its way to the field hospital with its mortally wounded patient. But the facts show otherwise. Living Warbirds is your largest aircraft and aviation resource. John Simpson Kirkpatrick (1892-1915), soldier, 'the man with the donkey', was born on 6 July 1892 at Shields, County Durham, England, son of Robert Kirkpatrick (d.1909), merchant seaman, and … N.B. He was posthumously mentioned in despatches. He came from a large family, being one of eight children. John Simpson Kirkpatrick and his Donkey ‘Simpson and his donkey’ has become an icon of the Gallipoli campaign; many children at primary school continue to be taught the history of the Gallipoli landings through Simpson’s story. Learn how to interpret primary sources, use our collection and more. In August 1914 he enlisted in the Australian Imperial Force, serving at Gallipoli the following year as Private John Simpson in the 3rd Field Ambulance, Australian Army Medical Corps. The report contains two different accounts of the fate of the last donkey Simpson used; one that it was evacuated by Indian mule drivers and another that it was killed with Simpson. High This article has been rated as High-importance on the project's importance scale. John Simpson, also surnamed Kirkpatrick, was among the Anzacs who landed at Gallipoli on April 25, 1915. This document is a research report dated 4 February 1947 compiled by the Australian War Memorial into the most famous Anzac serviceman at Gallipoli in 1915 – Private John Simpson Kirkpatrick, aka Simpson – known to history as the 'man with the donkey'. Who's Who - John Simpson Kirkpatrick. 2 Answers. Don't forget, best answer 10 points!! N.B. Medals: 1914-15 Star, British War Medal, Victory Medal: Miscellaneous details: True name: John Simpson KIRKPATRICK: Sources Private John Simpson Kirkpatrick (born 6 July 1892, died 19 May 1915), better known as 'Simpson' or 'the man with the donkey', was assigned to the 3rd Field Ambulance, Australian Army Medical Corps. PRIVATE JOHN SIMPSON KIRKPATRICK 15-1 John Simpson Kirkpatrick, more commonly known as John or Jack Simpson, was born on 6 July 1892 in South Shields, County Durham, England. The. He was buried on the beach at Hell Spit, Gallipoli. Simpson and his Donkey. Whenever he could he sent money home to support his mother and sisters. Private J S Kirkpatrick, served as Private John Simpson and became known as the "Man with the Donkey". by unknown photographer, c. 1915 [in Shrapnel Gully, Gallipoli, with a wounded soldier on his donkey]. John "Jack" Simpson Kirkpatrick (6 July 1892 – 19 May 1915), who served under the name John Simpson, was a stretcher bearer with the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) during the Gallipoli Campaign in World War I.After landing at Anzac Cove on 25 April 1915, he obtained a donkey and began carrying wounded British Empire soldiers from the frontline to the beach, for evacuation. He is much better known in Australia than in Britain, and Australian pride in his heroism is associated with resentment that it received such inadequate recognition—only a mention in dispatches—from the British military authorities. In Australia monuments to ‘the Man with the Donkey’ include a full-size bronze statue in the shrine of remembrance at Australia's national war memorial and other statues in at least five cities. Using the source materials above, discuss the life of Simpson. Adelaide has a strong link with the Australian Army Medical Corps. He soon showed a gift for working with animals, first in helping with the riding donkeys on the local beach, and then with a horse-drawn milk cart. Australian War Memorial, negative number A03114, Australian War Memorial, Canberra, letters, photograph, 1915, Australian War Memorial, Canberra, statue, Australian War Memorial, Canberra, in Shrapnel Gully, Gallipoli, with a wounded soldier on his donkey, D. Their experiences had long-lasting effects on them, their families and society. Simpson landed with the 3rd Australian Field Ambulance on 25 April and by the following day he was leading a donkey carrying lightly wounded from the front line down Monash and Shrapnel Valleys to the beach. For the next few years he had various jobs, working in a colliery and a cane field, but mostly employed in local shipping. Shortly after the landings he found a stray donkey in a nearby gully and appropriated it. Include information about his early life and previous experience working with donkeys. (1966–2002). Your current browser may not support copying via this button. Our website and Facebook page will be discontinued. As a child during his summer holidays he used to work as a donkey-lad on the sands of South Shields. He carried out this work every day and most of every night from 25 April 1915 until his death on 19 May 1915. Born John Simpson Kirkpatrick (1892–1915) at South Shields in the north of England, he enlisted as John Simpson, possibly because he had entered Australia as a deserter from a merchant ship. Simpson landed with the 3rd Australian Field Ambulance on 25 April and by the following day he was leading a donkey carrying lightly wounded from the front line down Monash and Shrapnel Valleys to the beach. For the next three weeks he continued his rescue work with the donkey, careless of danger and usually whistling cheerfully en route. He later became a deserter at New Castle. 8, Issue 1, 2010 - Article 990400 Author(s): Scott Devenish, Peter O‟Meara ISSN 1447-4999 HISTORY Sir Neville Howse (VC), Private John Simpson Kirkpatrick and Private Martin O’Meara (VC) and their contributions to Australian military medicine Scott Devenish MVEd, BNur, DipParaSc, RN, MACAP At Gallipoli he was known by various names or nicknames. Australia’s unique native animals are a result of geographic isolation. Thank you so so much for your help! John Simpson Kirkpatrick and his donkey are celebrated as an Anzac legend. In 1965 he was the centrepiece of three Australian postage stamps celebrating the fiftieth anniversary of the Gallipoli landings. Sir John is just the third person to be honoured with a sculpture at the war memorial, joining stretcher bearer John Simpson Kirkpatrick and Sir … Start This article has been rated as Start-Class on the project's quality scale. The sculpture of "Simpson and his Donkey" is a tribute to the service and sacrifice of our medical health personnel in all theatres of war. CIP (Kirkpatrick, John Simpson, 1892-1915) jkt (water-carrier, rescuer of wounded men; d. at Gallipoli on 5-19-1915) John Simpson KIRKPATRICK MiD Update Details If you confirm that you want to proceed with the update, this record will be locked for editing by all other users until you have finished. (John Simpson Kirkpatrick; also known as Simpson and Jack) Aust. Kirkpatrick, John Simpson, 1892-1915 Sources found : Simpson and the donkey, 1992: p. ix, etc. John Simpson Kirkpatrick was born in Britain but later moved to Australia. A surviving letter to his mother recalled an early escapade in which he had stolen a duck to add to the family's diet. Robert Kirkpatrick was a merchant captain until in 1904 an accident ended his working life. The life-size bronze sculpture is of Private John Simpson Kirkpatrick and his donkey carrying a wounded soldier, from the frontlines at Gallipoli. The National Archives of Australia acknowledges the traditional owners and custodians of Country throughout Australia and acknowledges their continuing connection to land, sea and community. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people should be aware that the National Archives' website and collection contain the names, images and voices of people who have died. Robert Kirkpatrick was a merchant captain until in 1904 an accident ended his working life. The final section of the report says 'no cross of bronze marked his valour' and this remains the case today, although the ANZAC Commemorative Medallion bears his image. You will have 7 days to complete your changes before they will be automatically submitted. Kirkpatrick also appears prominently in a memorial frieze at Gallipoli. Journal of Emergency Primary Health Care (JEPHC), Vol. Simpson and his Donkey Jack Simpson Kirkpatrick was born in 1892 at South Shields in the north east of England. At Gallipoli he was known by various names or nicknames. Best Gallipoli book for middle primary to secondary school child for Anzac Day Education. Relevance. Six of the letters were written from an unknown location and the three written by Annie Kirkpatrick were dated after Simpsons's death. Some records include terms and views that are not appropriate today. Three other sons had died of scarlet fever. Behind the Anzac myth of John Simpson Kirkpatrick and his donkey at Gallipoli In 1909, aged seventeen, Kirkpatrick joined a local Territorial Army unit, but when his father died in October the same year he decided to emigrate to Australia. Simpson’s full name was John Simpson Kirkpatrick. From the age of ten or eleven, John made some contribution to the family's small income. He died 24 days after the landing when he was hit by machine gun fire. The Indian troops knew him as 'Bahadur' – bravest of the brave. In January 1947 the Walsh Printing Company in Auckland, New Zealand, wrote to Base Records of the Australian Defence Forces asking if particulars could be supplied of the man known as Simpson or Murphy. By 1914 he was homesick and when the First World War began he enlisted in the Australian Army Medical Corps in the belief that this would lead to his being posted to Britain. John Simp- son Kirkpatrick became an icon for mateship and compassion for carrying wounded … In 2019, Dogmatic Music, after 15 years of making music for schools, has called it quits. Copy this link, or click below to email it to a friend. To avoid legal consequences he dropped his surname and took the name John Simpson. Simpson was twice recommended for the Victoria Cross and once for the Distinguished Conduct Medal, but these and later applications on his behalf were turned down by the British War Office. John Simpson Kirkpatrick is within the scope of WikiProject Australia, which aims to improve Wikipedia's coverage of Australia and Australia-related topics.If you would like to participate, visit the project page. He was among the covering force which landed on Gallipoli at dawn on 25 April 1915. Born John Simpson Kirkpatrick (1892–1915) at South Shields in the north of England, he enlisted as John Simpson, possibly because he had entered Australia as a deserter from a merchant ship. We pay our respects to the people, their cultures and Elders past, present and emerging. Under the terms of the licence agreement, an individual user may print out a single article for personal use (for details see Privacy Policy and Legal Notice). In July 1910 he jumped ship at Newcastle, New South Wales. For an assignment i have been asked to find three primary sources about John Simpson Kirkpatrick. How Simpson died is not clear from the report. Subsequently John Simpson Kirkpatrick became an important symbol of Anzac heroism at Gallipoli, his story much exploited for propaganda purposes during the First World War and even revived for similar purposes during the Vietnam war. John Simpson Kirkpatrick. John Simpson Kirkpatrick? While his transport was moored at Mudros, Simpson broke into the ship's stores to obtain extra food. He is famed for his courage in bringing in scores of wounded men on the back of his donkey from the front line in Monash Valley through almost constant fire in Shrapnel Gully to a dressing station at Anzac Cove. As indicated here, Monash knew of him as Simpson but, perhaps because of his Tyneside accent, he was also known as 'Murphy', 'Scotty' and 'Simmie'. This photograph shows Private John Simpson Kirkpatrick – better known as John Simpson – leading a donkey carrying a wounded soldier through Shrapnel Gully, Gallipoli, during World War I. Nicknamed the ‘man with the donkey’, Simpson has become an iconic figure of the Gallipoli campaign, and is perhaps the best known Anzac. As a medical orderly during the Gallipoli campaign, Simpson's main duty was to convey wounded soldiers (principally those suffering from leg wounds) from the immediate fighting area down to the field hospital in the area of the disembarkation beaches, often under enemy fire, along a route that included Sniper's Alley and Shrapnel Gully. It was intending to publish a first-hand account of the man with the donkey written by New Zealand army chaplain Reverend CJ Bush King. About this record. It is the story of a man and his donkey and a strange twist of fate that The report gives an account of Simpson's courage and death by quoting from three authorities: a footnote in the Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918; a letter from 1915 by then Colonel later General Monash; and the Official History of the Australian Army Medical Services, 1914–1918. Discover records about the native and introduced animals that call Australia home and our relationships with them. A modern monograph has discussed the mechanism whereby his last weeks acquired such significant and widespread symbolic importance in Australia. Attempts to argue that he was a convinced political radical and an enemy of imperialism, using some unsophisticated expressions attacking wealth and privilege in surviving letters, are less convincing (Cochrane). John Simpson Kirkpatrick (1892-1915) enjoys a renown today as perhaps Australia's greatest war hero, his popularity having grown with the Australian public's increased recognition of their nation's effort at Gallipoli since the 1960s. The link was not copied. Include information about his early life and previous experience working with donkeys. Kirkpatrick, John Simpson (1892–1915), war hero, was born at South Shields, co. Durham, on 6 July 1892, the son of Robert Kirkpatrick and his wife, Sarah Simpson. Pat. Simpson was born in England in 1892. news; John Simpson Kirkpatrick: The donkey-leading Pom with a possum who became our national hero. From 1914 to 1918, over 324,000 Australians served overseas in World War I, with two-thirds becoming casualties. Unable to afford a passage, he joined a Tyne-based coaster and then enlisted on another ship at Leith, intending to desert when she reached Australia. Pike & others, eds., , 16 vols. These resources include original records and material to help you understand a subject. John Simpson Kirkpatrick is popularly known as ‘Simpson’ and is remembered by many people for being a kind and brave soldier. The circumstances surrounding this 1947 report make it clear that Simpson's real identity was not widely known beyond Australia. Using the source materials above, discuss the life of Simpson. Information management and data capabilities, Building trust in the public record policy, Getting started with information management, Research report on John Simpson Kirkpatrick. Answer Save. Above) This photograph is the only authentic one of Simpson and Duffy in action in Shrapnel Gully, Gallipoli. At the tender age of 17 years he had joined the Merchant Navy following his short affiliation with the local Territorial Army. John Simpson Kirkpatrick is a historic figure that has had the most influence on me. 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